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Intro­duc­tion: Con­tin­u­ing our explo­ration of the ground­break­ing research of Ed Haslam, the pro­gram sets forth some of the major points of inves­ti­ga­tion from Ed’s lat­est book, Dr. Mary’s Mon­key. A New Orleans Native, Ed Haslam’s life­long inves­tiga­tive path­way into events over­lap­ping the milieu of the assas­si­na­tion of Pres­i­dent Kennedy and appar­ently iatro­genic (man-made) epi­demics con­sti­tutes a nar­ra­tive that is both thrilling and ter­ri­fy­ing. Sup­ple­ment­ing and expand­ing an inves­ti­ga­tion first pub­lished in Ed’s 1996 title Mary, Fer­rie and the Mon­key Virus, this vol­ume intro­duces the remark­able story of Judyth Vary Baker, a bril­liant can­cer researcher recruited to work on a clan­des­tine project in which viruses were irra­di­ated. Appar­ently inau­gu­rated in order to cre­ate an anti-cancer vac­cine, the project mor­phed into an effort to cre­ate bio­log­i­cal weaponry, ini­tially to assas­si­nate Fidel Cas­tro and, per­haps, to cre­ate geno­ci­dal weapons. Among Ms. Baker’s co-workers in the project were (allegedly) Lee Har­vey Oswald. After a rup­ture with Dr. Arnold Ochsner, the med­ical lumi­nary who presided over the project, Lee allegedly trav­eled to Dal­las to attempt to pre­vent the assas­si­na­tion of Pres­i­dent Kennedy by ele­ments of U.S. intel­li­gence. Unsuc­cess­ful, he was framed for the crime and mur­dered before he had a chance to defend him­self. After the 1964 mur­der of Dr. Mary Sher­man, the Ochsner asso­ciate who was a piv­otal mem­ber of the project’s staff, the deadly mutated viruses appear to have fallen into the hands of mur­der­ous right-wing extrem­ists con­nected to the intel­li­gence community.

Pro­gram High­lights Include: Syn­op­sis of the impor­tance of the city of New Orleans to Amer­i­can polit­i­cal and eco­nomic infra­struc­ture; dis­cus­sion of the sig­nif­i­cance of New Orleans as a cen­ter for research into trop­i­cal dis­eases; overview of the impor­tance of Tulane Uni­ver­sity for research into trop­i­cal dis­eases; the med­ical and polit­i­cal career of Dr. Alton Ochsner; dis­cus­sion of the careers of three remark­able female med­ical researchers (Mary Sher­man, Sarah Stew­art, Ber­nice Eddy); review of the fun­da­men­tals of the New Orleans com­po­nent of the assas­si­na­tion of JFK; dis­cus­sion of a soft-tissue can­cer epi­demic cur­rently man­i­fest­ing itself in the United States as a result of the con­t­a­m­i­na­tion of the polio vac­cine with a can­cer caus­ing mon­key virus–SV-40; dis­cus­sion of the pos­si­bil­ity that the AIDS epi­demic may be man made (FTR#16 may prove par­tic­u­larly use­ful in research­ing this sub­ject.) The Virus and the Vac­cine by Deb­bie Bookchin and Jim Schu­macher fleshes out the story of the SV-40 con­t­a­m­i­na­tion of the polio vaccine.

1. The pro­gram begins with analy­sis of the Cres­cent City as a vital eco­nomic and polit­i­cal engine. The North­ern­most port of the Caribbean and the gate­way to the Mis­sis­sippi River–the largest com­mer­cial water­way in the United States–New Orleans has long occu­pied a piv­otally impor­tant posi­tion in Amer­i­can eco­nomic infra­struc­ture. With agri­cul­tural prod­ucts such as cof­fee, sugar and bananas com­ing up from Latin Amer­ica and U.S. farm prod­ucts such as corn and wheat, as well as fin­ished indus­trial tools and goods going down to Latin Amer­ica, New Orleans has been a com­mer­cial epicenter.

The eco­nomic power cen­tered in the Cres­cent City pro­duced deriv­a­tive polit­i­cal and national secu­rity influ­ence. The pro­found strate­gic sig­nif­i­cance of the port of New Orleans ele­vated that city and–to an extent, the state of Louisiana–to dis­pro­por­tion­ate influ­ence in both Con­gress and the national secu­rity estab­lish­ment. Among the leg­isla­tive lumi­nar­ies from Louisiana:

” . . . F. Edward Hebert, Chair­man of Armed Ser­vices Com­mit­tee of the U.S. House of Rep­re­sen­ta­tives. Taxes start in the House, and bud­gets start in Com­mit­tee. As Chair­man of the House Armed Ser­vices Com­mit­tee, the entire U.S. mil­i­tary bud­get and the vast major­ity of the CIA bud­get started on Hebert’s desk. One of his jobs was to hide most of the CIA bud­get in the U.S. mil­i­tary bud­get. He was known as ‘the military’s best friend.’

Allen Elen­der, had been in the U.S. Sen­ate for over 40 years. He was the senior sen­a­tor when [for­mer Louisiana Gov­er­nor] Huey Long was the junior sen­a­tor in the 1930’s. Ellen­der sat on the Armed Ser­vices Com­mit­tee of the U.S. Sen­ate and got Hebert’s bud­get through the Sen­ate. Between the two, they made sure that Louisiana received its fair share of mil­i­tary and space contracts.

Rus­sell Long, the son of Huey Long, was Major­ity Whip of the U.S. Sen­ate, Chair­man of the Senate’s pow­er­ful Ways and Means Com­mit­tee, and mem­ber of the Sen­ate Bank­ing Committee.

Hale Boggs, Major­ity Whip of the U.S. House of Rep­re­sen­ta­tives, was the 3rd most pow­er­ful man in that body, and was con­sid­ered by many to be LBJ’s ‘man-in-the house.’ . . .”

Dr. Mary’s Mon­key by Ed Haslam; Trine Day [SC]; Copy­right 2007 by Ed Haslam; ISBN 978–0-9777953–0-6; p. 30.

2. The loca­tion of New Orleans and the resul­tant trop­i­cal dis­ease prob­lem it has encoun­tered has made the city a focal point of med­ical research into afflic­tions such as malaria and yel­low fever. Although not as well known as some US insti­tu­tions of higher learn­ing, Tulane Uni­ver­sity has assumed great sig­nif­i­cance in trop­i­cal dis­ease research. Much of that research has involved using pri­mates as exper­i­men­tal subjects.

“ . . . In Louisiana, the Delta Regional Pri­mate Cen­ter opened its doors in Novem­ber 1964 with Tulane Uni­ver­sity serv­ing as the host insti­tu­tion. This took the mon­key virus research out of down­town New Orleans and put it in 500 wooded acres near Cov­ing­ton, Louisiana across Lake Pontchar­train. Today, that lab­o­ra­tory has over 4,000 pri­mates, thirty sci­en­tists, and 130 sup­port work­ers, plus a pub­lic rela­tions direc­tor whose job it is to boast of the center’s virus research espe­cially on AIDS, and to point to the improve­ments in lab secu­rity, such as the high-security zone, where researchers and staff shower and change clothes before approach­ing or leav­ing the 500 mon­keys infected with simian AIDS. . . .”

Ibid.; p. 23.

3. Next, Ed syn­op­sizes the career and activ­i­ties of Dr. Alton Ochsner and his lofty stand­ing in the med­ical com­mu­nity. A famous sur­geon who helped to pio­neer blood trans­fu­sion pro­ce­dures, Ochsner became a dom­i­nant influ­ence at Tulane Uni­ver­sity and in New Orleans. Of par­tic­u­lar note was his rela­tion­ship with Latin Amer­i­can elite infrastructure.

“ . . . The Latin Amer­i­can angle was a nat­ural for a med­ical clinic in New Orleans. And as we noted ear­lier, New Orleans was America’s com­mer­cial pipeline to Latin Amer­ica, and Tulane’s rep­u­ta­tion was golden in the region. For a group of Tulane doc­tors to form a med­ical clinic to serve the needs of the Latin elite was great news for those who could step on a plane in their cap­i­tal city and be in New Orleans quicker than most Amer­i­cans. To pro­mote his clinic, Ochsner made over a hun­dred trips to Latin Amer­ica dur­ing his career, and became friends with its rulers. . . . Among his friends, Ochsner counted Anas­ta­sio Somoza, Nicaragua’s for­mer Pres­i­dent (and dic­ta­tor), who was run out his coun­try by rev­o­lu­tion­ar­ies in 1979. Thos rela­tion­ship is what one might call a per­sonal one, based on the let­ters in Ochsner’s per­sonal papers. . . Ochsner and Somoza shared mutual anti-Communist objec­tives. Somoza’s per­sonal physi­cian, Dr. Henri DeBayle, sat on the Board of Direc­tors of Guy Banister’s infa­mous Anti-Communist League of the Caribbean. Another patient was Juan Peron the pres­i­dent (and dic­ta­tor) of Argentina. Fol­low­ing the lead of these dic­ta­tors came the oli­garchies of Latin Amer­i­can coun­tries, which had not devel­oped their own health care systems. . . .”

Ibid.; pp. 178–179.

4. Ed out­lined Ochsner’s reac­tionary polit­i­cal ori­en­ta­tion, includ­ing his oppo­si­tion to the civil rights move­ment and, above all, his mil­i­tant anti-Communism, which led him to found INCA—the Infor­ma­tion Coun­cil of the Amer­i­cas. An appar­ent intel­li­gence front, INCA recorded an inter­view on New Orleans radio sta­tion WDSU fea­tur­ing Lee Har­vey Oswald pro­claim­ing his sup­posed Marx­ist sym­pa­thies. (To hear this inter­view and back­ground infor­ma­tion about INCA, see FTR#621.) Ochsner devel­oped numer­ous links to the intel­li­gence com­mu­nity as the Cold War progressed.

“ . . . In Octo­ber 1959, after two years of work­ing in a ‘Sen­si­tive Posi­tion,’ pre­sum­ably with the FBI, the FBI con­ducted yet another ‘Sen­si­tive Posi­tion’ inves­ti­ga­tion on Ochsner and for­warded their find­ings to an unnamed U.S. gov­ern­ment agency. Sev­eral days later, on Octo­ber 21, 1959, the FBI, free­ing him up to accept an assign­ment from the other undis­closed agency. So what was hap­pen­ing in 1957 and 1959? Why would they have needed the ser­vices of a doc­tor? And what did they need from this doc­tor that they could not get from the legions of other doc­tors already work­ing for the U.S. gov­ern­ment in one capac­ity or another? These are impor­tant questions. . . .”

Ibid.; p. 182.

5. The “impor­tant ques­tions” noted above receive a two-track answer in Ed’s book. In New Orleans, we view the con­flu­ence of the covert oper­a­tions being con­ducted against the regime of Fidel Cas­tro in Cuba with attempts at deriv­ing a vac­cine to neu­tral­ize a deadly, cancer-causing viral con­t­a­m­i­nant in the polio vac­cine admin­is­tered to mil­lions of Amer­i­cans. One of the major focal points of Dr. Mary’s Mon­key con­cerns the SV-40, a simian ver­sion of the deadly poly­oma virus which causes mul­ti­ple can­cers in mul­ti­ple species. Because the polio vaccine’s virus was grown on mon­key kid­neys, SV-40 found its way into the vac­cine when the polio viruses were har­vested for vac­cine pro­duc­tion. Out­lin­ing the story of the con­t­a­m­i­na­tion of the polio vac­cine with SV-40, Ed presents that account in con­junc­tion with the story of three remark­able female physicians–Dr.‘s Sarah Stew­art, Ber­nice Eddy and Mary Sher­man. After dis­cussing the fail­ure of the ini­tial polio vac­cine, Ed writes:

. . . In the after­math of the deba­cle, Ber­nice Eddy was taken off polio research and trans­ferred to the influenza sec­tion by the thank­less NIH man­age­ment. She shared her frus­tra­tions with a small group of women sci­en­tists who ate brown-bag lunches on the steps of one of the lab­o­ra­to­ries. There Eddy met a tena­cious sci­en­tist named Stew­art, M.D., PhD., who was wag­ing her own bat­tle against the offi­cial par­a­digms of bureau­cratic med­i­cine. Ber­nice Eddy and Sarah Stew­art became close friends.

Sarah Stewart’s name remains vir­tu­ally unknown today, despite her huge con­tri­bu­tion to mod­ern med­i­cine. Not only did she prove that some can­cers were caused by viruses, but sub­se­quent research on the virus she dis­cov­ered led to the dis­cov­ery of DNA recom­bi­na­tion, which is one of the most pow­er­ful tools in med­ical research today. . . .”

Ibid.; p. 204.

6. More about Dr.‘s Eddy, Stew­art and their dis­cov­ery of Poly­oma and the SV-40 con­t­a­m­i­na­tion of the polio vaccine:

” . . . In 1957, Stew­art and Eddy dis­cov­ered the poly­oma virus, which pro­duced sev­eral types of can­cer in a vari­ety of small mam­mals. Poly­oma proved that some can­cers were indeed caused by viruses. Her dis­cov­ery offi­cially threw open the doors of can­cer virol­ogy. . . . But it raised some dark ques­tions about ear­lier deeds. Before long, Yale’s lab­o­ra­tory dis­cov­ered that the poly­oma virus that had pro­duced the can­cer in Stewart’s mice and ham­sters turned out to act like Simian Virus #40 (SV-40), a mon­key virus that caused cancer.

In June 1959, Ber­nice Eddy, who was still offi­cially to the flu vac­cine project, began think­ing about the polio vac­cine again. This time she was wor­ried about some­thing much deeper than polio. The vaccine’s man­u­fac­tur­ers had grown their polio viruses on the kid­neys of mon­keys. And when they removed the polio virus from the mon­keys’ kid­neys, they also removed an unknown num­ber of other mon­key viruses. . . . Eddy grew sus­pi­cious of the polio vac­cine and asked an excru­ci­at­ing ques­tion: Had they inoc­u­lated an entire gen­er­a­tion of Amer­i­cans with cancer-causing mon­key viruses? She con­ducted her research qui­etly, with­out alert­ing her NIH super­vi­sors. . . .Her impli­ca­tion was clear: There were cancer-causing mon­key viruses in the polio vaccine! . . .”

Ibid.; pp. 206–7.

7. Like Dr.‘s Eddy and Stew­art, Dr. Mary Sher­man should be a focal point of seri­ous fem­i­nist research. These women achieved pro­foundly sig­nif­i­cant gains in the field of med­ical research at a time when pro­fes­sional advance­ment for women was dif­fi­cult. Dr. Sher­man even­tu­ally landed in New Orleans as a pro­tege of Dr. Alton Ochsner. Ed the­o­rizes that her net­work­ing with NIH mem­bers, includ­ing Sarah Stew­art, may have resulted in her par­tic­i­pa­tion in a project to irra­di­ate viruses in hope of devel­op­ing a vac­cine to pre­vent the pro­jected HIV-generated can­cer epidemic:

” . . . [Intel­li­gence agent and Gar­ri­son inves­tiga­tive tar­get David] Fer­rie and the angry Cuban exiles may have been will­ing to develop a bio­log­i­cal weapon to kill Cas­tro, but I per­son­ally had not thought that Dr. Mary Sher­man (or the other doc­tors) would have know­ingly been party to the secret devel­op­ment of a bio­log­i­cal weapon. I did, how­ever, think that she might have been will­ing to be part of a covert effort to pre­vent an epi­demic of can­cer! Espe­cially, if com­pe­tent can­cer researchers whom she per­son­ally knew and trusted thought it was pos­si­ble, and if she believed that bureau­cratic pol­i­tics or pro­ce­dures were ham­per­ing the process at the national level. They Key Words are ‘knew and trusted.’ . . . Mary Sher­man and Sarah Stew­art were friends and class­mates in Chicago for three years. . . . .”

Ibid.; pp. 218–9.

8. In New Orleans largely as a result of her pro­fes­sional rela­tion­ship with Dr. Ochsner, Sher­man crossed into the world of covert oper­a­tions because of that same rela­tion­ship. As seen above, Ochsner was very polit­i­cally active and well con­nected with the national secu­rity estab­lish­ment. Part of the anti-Castro covert oper­a­tions milieu in New Orleans, Ochsner appears to have been involved with–among other activities–an attempt at irra­di­at­ing viruses in order to cre­ate a bio­log­i­cal weapon with which to kill Fidel Cas­tro. This alle­ga­tion comes from yet another bril­liant female can­cer researcher, Judyth Vary Baker. A sci­en­tific prodigy, Judyth’s can­cer research drew the atten­tion of top med­ical author­i­ties while she was still in high school. Judyth Vary Baker con­tends that she, Dr. Sher­man, Lee Har­vey Oswald, Dr. Alton Oschner and David Fer­rie were work­ing on a project to use irra­di­ated viruses to develop a bio­log­i­cal war­fare agent to kill Cas­tro. The oper­a­tion was pig­gy­backed on the project to pro­duce the can­cer vaccine.

” . . . Was Judyth the tech­ni­cian in David Ferrie’s under­ground med­ical lab­o­ra­tory? She admits that she was, despite the obvi­ous legal, eth­i­cal and secu­rity con­se­quences of doing so. Were they irra­di­at­ing cancer-causing viruses to develop a bio­log­i­cal weapon? Judyth par­tic­i­pated in that oper­a­tion, and has said that their use of radi­a­tion was both delib­er­ate and cen­tral to the design of the project. Was the oper­a­tion in David Ferrie’s apart­ment con­nected to an oper­a­tion at the U.S. Pub­lic Health Hos­pi­tal? Judyth says it was. . . .”

Ibid.; p. 305.

9. With polit­i­cal extrem­ists of Ferrie’s ilk in charge of the deadly viruses being made under the aus­pices of the project, the organ­isms may have been used in a geno­ci­dal, ethnic-cleansing application.

” . . . The Ferrie-Sherman under­ground med­ical lab­o­ra­tory may have started with the noble and patri­otic mis­sion of pre­vent­ing an epi­demic of can­cer in Amer­ica; but once the work started, once the power to move can­cer from ani­mal to ani­mal was estab­lished, once the abil­ity to change viruses genet­i­cally was demon­strated, once the more vir­u­lent viral strains were iso­lated, once the means of trans­mis­sion was estab­lished, once Mary Sher­man died, and once [intel­li­gence agent and anti-Castro oper­a­tive] Guy Ban­is­ter died, then the lab­o­ra­tory, the ani­mals and the viruses were left in the hands of David Fer­rie. He could eas­ily have per­verted the lab’s resources into a bio­log­i­cal weapon if he wished to do so, pick­ing the most vir­u­lent strains and deliv­er­ing them to a tar­get. . . Given his his­tory of vio­lent polit­i­cal acg­tivigties and his record of men­tal insta­bil­ity, the ques­tion is dis­turb­ing: What would David Fer­rie do if he real­ized he held the power to change his­tory in his hands? . . .”

Ibid.; pp. 280–81.

10. Through­out the pro­gram, Ed fills in the pic­ture of David Fer­rie, his long­stand­ing work for ele­ments of U.S. intel­li­gence, his work for New Orleans crime boss Car­los Mar­cello, as well as his rela­tion­ship to the milieu of the JFK assassination.

11. Ed the­o­rizes that AIDS may have stemmed from the irra­di­a­tion of viruses under the janus-faced can­cer research/biological war­fare project:

” . . . SIV is the Simian Immun­od­e­fi­ciency Virus, one of sev­eral mon­key Viruses known to have con­t­a­m­i­nated the polio vac­cine. The more car­cino­genic SV-40 has received most of the press. SIV, a single-strand RNA retro­virus, is con­sid­er­ably smaller than SV-40 (a double-strand DNA virus). The tech­nol­ogy of the 1950’s was not able to fil­ter SIV from the viral extracts. Fur­ther, researchers of the day did not con­sider retro­viruses to be dan­ger­ous, so they basi­cally ignored them. AIDS has taught us how dan­ger­ous retro­viruses can be. If ‘the project’ in New Orleans was inten­tion­ally expos­ing SV-40 to radi­a­tion they have exposed SIV to radi­a­tion at the same time. Sim­ply stated, HIV-1 is a mutated form of SIV. Did the muta­tion which changed SIV into HIV-1 occur when SV-40 was exposed to radi­a­tion? Was this the moment of con­cep­tion of AIDS? Could this artificially-induced muta­tion explain why HIV-1 is mutat­ing so rapidly? Why it is behav­ing so ‘unnaturally’? . . . .”

Ibid.; p. 305.

12. Using the National Can­cer Institute’s own sta­tis­tics for the inci­dence of can­cer from 1973 to 1988, Ed came to some very dis­turb­ing conclusions:

” . . . Was [Dr. Ber­nice] Eddy’s pre­dic­tion of a can­cer epi­demic accu­rate? Did the epi­demic ever hap­pen? If it did, wouldn’t it show up in the can­cer sta­tis­tics? . . . A real epi­demic should be easy to spot due to its size. So I dug out the can­cer sta­tis­tics pub­lished by the National Can­cer Insti­tute in 1989 and started related lit­er­a­ture. Two things became clear: 1. We were los­ing the War on Can­cer, and 2. We were in the midst of an ongo­ing can­cer epidemic. . .”

Ibid.; pp. 210–211.

13. One of the most intrigu­ing aspects of the book is Ed’s search for the lin­ear par­ti­cle accel­er­a­tor used to mutate the viruses. It was located at the U.S. Pub­lic Health Ser­vice Hos­pi­tal in New Orleans. It was a defect in this par­ti­cle accelerator–deliberate sab­o­tage in Ed’s opinion–that killed Dr. Mary Sher­man. The offi­cial story of Dr. Sherman’s mur­der has it that she was mur­dered by a sex­ual preda­tor and her body set afire. As Ed notes, that could not account for the severe burns on the body, that could only have been gen­er­ated by tremen­dous heat. For a more com­plete under­stand­ing of the foren­sic evi­dence in Dr. Sherman’s mur­der and the story of Ed’s hunt for the loca­tion of the lin­ear par­ti­cle accel­er­a­tor, read the book!

” . . . If Mary Sher­man was killed by a lin­ear par­ti­cle accel­er­a­tor, then the cen­tral ques­tion was clear: Where was the lin­ear par­ti­cle accel­er­a­tor located? and then a series of related ques­tions: Upon whose prop­erty did Mary Sher­man die? Whose rep­u­ta­tion was her masquerade-murder intended to pro­tect? Upon whose author­ity was the inves­ti­ga­tion into her mur­der shut down? I thought about these ques­tions each time I looked at the book, and I won­dered if I would ever find the answers. . . .”

Ibid.; p. 245.

14. It appears that some of the viruses mutated in the project were suc­cess­fully tested on a prison inmate “vol­un­teer.” Judyth’s objec­tions to the test led to a break between Ochsner on the one hand and Baker and asso­ciate (and lover) Oswald on the other.

” . . . The Sherman-Ferrie-Vary exper­i­ments suc­cess­fully cre­ated aggres­sive can­cers in mice and (at Judyth’s sug­ges­tion) these new can­cers were tested on mon­keys. They worked, killing the mon­keys quickly. But there was a miss­ing link–they needed to know if their can­cer cock­tail would actu­ally kill a human. It was decided to test their con­coc­tion on a pris­oner from Louisiana’s Angola State Pen­i­ten­tiary who had ‘vol­un­teered’ for the exper­i­ment . They brought him to the Jack­son State Men­tal Hos­pi­tal (near Clin­ton, Lou­siana) where he was injected with their new bio-weapon, and died. . . It was a seri­ous tac­ti­cal error on her part, but Judyth has always been very strong-willed and uncom­pro­mis­ing on cer­tain issues. Dr. Ochsner was equally strong-willed and uncom­pro­mis­ing in his response, before slam­ming the tele­phone down: ‘You and Lee are expendable!’ . . .”

Ibid.; p. 325.

15. Hav­ing orig­i­nally assumed his “pro-Castro/communist” cover in order to deliver the bio­log­i­cal weapon to Cuba in order to kill Cas­tro [accord­ing to Baker], Oswald then attempted to inter­dict an attempt to kill Kennedy in Dal­las. Instead he was killed and framed for the crime. The pro-Castro cover, arranged by Ochsner, INCA et al. pro­vided a per­fect ruse for cov­er­ing up the crime by mak­ing it look as though a com­mu­nist had done it.

” . . . Judyth’s phone con­ver­sa­tions with Lee Oswald con­tin­ued until Wednes­day, Nov. 20, 1963. Dur­ing the final emo­tional phone call, Lee made it clear to Judyth that there would be a real attempt to kill Pres­i­dent Kennedy on Fri­day at one of three loca­tions in Dal­las. Lee told Judyth that he believed a man named David Atlee Phillips was orga­niz­ing it. He told Judyth to remem­ber the name. How­ever he got there, Lee was now inside the assas­si­na­tion plot try­ing to kill Pres­i­dent Kennedy, and con­sid­ered it his duty to stay in posi­tion and under­cover until it was over, telling Judyth, ‘If I stay, there will be one less bul­let fired at Kennedy.’ . . .”

Ibid.; p. 327.