An important book about the JFK assassination has been published. The late Hank Albarelli, Jr. has authored a lengthy tome, which draws together various, disparate elements involved in the Dallas coup in an important, timely manner.
Integrating operational elements of the domestic fascist political milieu, active and retired military professionals, the intelligence community (CIA in particular), the defense industry, the Texas and international petroleum companies, as well as dominant political organizations with the forces of international fascism, Albarelli and his assistants have opened a window onto what Mr. Emory believes are in the forces destroying our civilization.
Paramount, here, is the decisive role and position of international fascism in the events of 11/22/1963.
Fascism is generally represented as something of an antiquity and an aberration–an outlier in the development of our civilization.
Nothing could be further from the truth.
Contemporary presentations of fascism are attenuated and superficial, covering neither the evolution of fascist networks through the decades, nor those networks’ inextricable relationships with past and present intelligence agencies and dominant corporate and allied political interests around the world.
In the first of these programs, we explore the account in the book of the role of French fascists in the assassination of JFK.
In the second, we chronicle the deep political connections of the French steel and iron makers, and their counterparts in the German steel and coal combines. United in their corporatist strategy, they saw anti-labor and anti-communist ideology as surmounting any nationalist considerations.
For many years, we have set forth the powerful French fascist organizations that attempted to overthrow the French government of Leon Blum and, finally, acted in concert with like-minded military officers, aristocrats and corporate individuals and institutions to subvert resistance to the Nazi invasion.
With the establishment of the Vichy collaborationist regime, elements such as La Cagoule contributed significantly to the governing and enforcing apparatus of the fascist administration.
We have covered La Cagoule for many years, including an in-depth exploration of the methodology and history of La Cagoule and related groups in Miscellaneous Archive Show 61 (recorded in September of 1994.) Relevant sides of this lengthy program are: Side “c”; Side “d”; Side “e”. (These segments, in turn, draw on documentation presented in Armies of Spies by Joseph Gollomb and Triumph of Treason by Pierre Cot. For further discussion of these topics and books, use the search function on this website.)
Furthermore, figures such as Monsieurs Filliol and Pierre Lafitte also served with the Nazis SS, the most prominent French element of which was the Charlemagne Division.
(In addition to Lafitte’s Nazi/SS/fascist collaboration, this “Man of a Thousand Faces” worked for a myriad of organizations: intelligence agencies, law enforcement agencies, and criminal networks, often overlapping those activities. The authors of Coup in Dallas posit that Lafitte may very well have been the “manager” for the JFK assassination operation in the U.S.)
Networking with, among others, Otto Skorzeny during the war, French fascists sought and found refuge and continued postwar employment in Spain under the fascist government of dictator Francisco Franco. Their relationship with Skorzeny continued after the war, and Skorzeny may well have been the “executive” planner of the assassination under whom Lafitte operated.
“. . . . And perhaps equally significant is Filliol’s history with Nazi SS Sturmbannfuhrer Otto Skorzeny. . . We now know that Skorzeny played the crucial role of logistical mastermind of the hit in Dealey Plaza. . . .”
(We have detailed Skorzeny’s vitally important role in postwar international fascism in numerous broadcasts, including AFA#22.)
Albarelli develops information about Skorzeny and Lafitte as central to the planning of the JFK assassination, and master assassin Filliol as being present in Dallas on 11/22/1963.
Manifesting grasp of both the “sweep” of fascism and its institutional connections, Albarelli highlights the fascist genesis of the French cosmetic giant L’Oreal, employer of Jean Filliol in Spain and his fellow French fascist Jacques Correze in both Spain and the U.S.
” . . . Once in Spain, Filliol soon established contact with Nazi Otto Skorzeny, who had been ‘resettled’ for the benefit of U.S. intelligence interests in the nation’s capitol. . . .
“. . . . There, Filliol quickly landed a secure and well-paid executive job with the international division of L’Oreal, a cosmetic and beauty products company. Today a very well-known company, L’Oreal was founded and operated by Eugene Schueller, a passionate anti-Semite and ultraright-winger. Schueller, during the 1930’s and the war years, financially supported La Cagoule . . . .”
“. . . . While in Spain, naturally, Correze became friends with Otto Skorzeny after being introduced to his fellow SS officer by former La Cagoule assassin Jean Filliol, by now the vice president of international marketing for L’Oreal. . . .”
When the Justice Department’s Office of Special Investigations began looking into Correze’s fascist and Nazi history, the probe quickly unearthed substantive allegations about Correze’s relationship to Filliol and his fellow fascist Gerard Litt and the latter pair’s presence in Dallas at the time of the JFK assassination.
“. . . . According to two former employees of the department’s Office of Special investigations, both of whom declined to be identified in this book, the examination of Correze’s past quickly unearthed unexpected details about his links to Jean Filliol, Gerard Litt, and Otto Skorzeny, inclusive of detailed suspicions about Filliol’s and Litt’s presence in Dallas, Texas, at the time of the JFK assassination. . . .”
(We note in passing that John Loftus, the heroic author of The Belarus Secret, America’s Nazi Secret, Unholy Trinity and The Secret War Against the Jews worked for the Office of Special Investigations.)
The broader context of the Cagoulard elements in Dallas concerns the OAS attempts on the life of Charles De Gaulle, which overlap the JFK assassination. (We discussed those areas of overlap in, among other broadcasts, FTR#1162.)
One of the apparent areas of overlap between the OAS attempts to kill De Gaulle (with assistance from elements of CIA) and the Dallas coup is Jean Souetre, a skilled OAS assassin who, like Filliol and Lafitte, was networked with Otto Skorzeny.
” . . . . Skorzeny’s aide explained to Herbert that his superior was absent because he had ‘other things going on.’ The arrangements that were made for [Army Ranger officer Anthony] Herbert to meet with Skorzeny confirm Capt. Souetre’s commandos were fully aware of the nature of Skorzeny’s training schools, which they also attended. . . .”
Souetre was in Dallas on 11/22/1063 and was expelled from the country.
One of the important strengths of the Albarelli text is the integration of many of the strategic and operational elements involved with the JFK hit.
Numerous writers have set forth the role in the Dallas coup of elements of what Texans refer to as “The Ahl Bidness.”
In addition to despising JFK for his advocacy of Algerian independence from colonial master France, exploratory information indicated to Texas-connected petroleum interests that Algeria contained significant petroleum reserves on its territory and beneath its territorial waters.
Representative of the fascist connections in the JFK assassination highlighted in this book is the fact that Robert Schacht–a blood relative of Hjalmar Horace Greeley Schacht, Hitler’s finance minister who was deeply involved with Clay Shaw and Permindex–was the admissions director for Albert Schweitzer College, the first destination of Lee Harvey Oswald when he “defected” to the Soviet Union.
We also include a passage from Jim DiEugenio’s classic work on the Garrison investigation–Destiny Betrayed.
This passage places the Schacht family connection in greater depth.
Permindex was involved with, among other things, attempts on the life of French president Charles De Gaulle in conjunction with elements of CIA and the OAS. (We will discuss more about this in future programs.
Much of the second program discusses the actions of the Fifth Column in France prior to, and during, World War II. (For more about this Fifth Column, see Miscellaneous Archive Show M61.) It is important to note in this context, that Mr. Emory stresses that the analogy between the Fifth Column in France and its counterpart in the United States is not an exact one. There are significant differences between the situation in France before World War II and that in the U.S. today. Nonetheless there are similarities worth examining.
One should note that France was governed by a democratic coalition government under Leon Blum (the Social Front or Popular Front), which included the French communist party. Under the social pressures brought about by the Great Depression and the inability of liberal democratic governments to deal adequately with the social fallout from it, many countries experienced powerful fascist movements. Such was the case in France. Industrialists, financiers, aristocrats and members of the armed forces were among the fascist plotters that saw the elimination of the Blum government as a necessity. After initial failure in the plot by the fascist Cagoulards in 1938, many of the fascists acceded to power in the Vichy government after the German conquest.
We have exhaustively covered the return to power in Ukraine of the OUN/B successor organizations, heirs to the Third Reich allies who perpetrated Nazi ethnic cleansing there during World War II. The Institute of National Memory is executing a government mandate to erase and rewrite the World War II history of Ukraine and the OUN/B, making it a crime to publicly criticize the OUN/B and its auxiliary elements. Recently, the UN General Assembly voted on a resolution condemning celebrations of Nazism. Only the U.S. and Ukraine voted against it. It is said that “a picture is worth a thousand words.” Pictures in this post explain very clearly what our media have purposely ignored. Professor Ivan Katchanovski has meticulously set forth forensic evidence that the sniper fire that killed both demonstrators and police at the Maidan eruption came from buildings occupied by Svoboda and other OUN/B successor groups. Ukraine’s government made Roman Shukevyech a Hero of Ukraine and the city of Lviv–in which he led the massacre of thousands of residents of the city–commemorated him on the anniversary of the beginning of the pogrom. You can view pictures of his henchmens’ handiwork here. One feature of the 1941 Lviv pogrom was the prevalence of “street humiliations”–the stripping, raping and murder of women. The Shukevyechfest commemorative festivities elicited no protest from feminists. WFMU-FM is podcasting For The Record–You can subscribe to the podcast HERE. Mr. Emory emphatically recommends that listeners/readers get the 32GB flash drive containing all of Mr. Emory’s 43 years on the air, plus a library of old anti-fascist books on easy-to-download PDF files.
For years, we have exhaustively documented the return to power of the Third Reich-allied OUN/B in Ukraine. A revealing vote at the UN shone a rare spotlight on the pro-fascist and Nazi strategic agenda that the US and much of the rest of the West has pursued since before the guns of World War II fell silent. With the EU and UK abstaining from the vote, the US and Ukraine were the only nations voting against the resolution condemning the glorification of Nazism. WFMU-FM is podcasting For The Record–You can subscribe to the podcast HERE.
In AFA#1 we noted that the term “Iron Curtain,” generally believed to have been minted by Winston Churchill in a famous address he gave in Missouri, was actually purloined from a propaganda address given by Hitler finance minister Lutz Schwerin von Krosigk during the twilight days of the Third Reich. ” . . . . It was uttered by Hitler’s former Finance Minister, Count [Lutz] Schwerin von Krosigk, on May 2, 1945, when he was trying desperately to win Allied recognition for the government of Admiral Doenitz [in which von Krosigk was briefly Foreign Minister—D.E.]. . . . ‘The Iron Curtain moves closer,’ he declared in a broadcast. ‘People caught in the mighty hands of the Bolsheviks are being destroyed.’. . . ” Also in AFA#1, we set forth the origins of another Cold War catchphrase: “Better Dead than Red.” ” . . . . It was the symbolism, as always, that counted. Radio Werewolf hammered the theme ‘Rather dead than Red’ (a phrase that lived long after). . . .” It is not often that we are able to report good news. A happy exception is the fact that William Stevenson’s “The Bormann Brotherhood” has been reissued in paperback. Mr. Emory receives no money from this. WFMU-FM is podcasting For The Record–You can subscribe to the podcast HERE.
In FTR #1097, we updated discussion of citizens of the U.S. (and other nations) traveling to Ukraine to gain combat experience, which they can then use when they return to their native lands. The recent refusal of a Ukrainian court to extradite a U.S. citizen–Craig Lang–wanted for a double murder in the U.S. underscores Ukraine’s position as a fascist outpost, of sorts. FTR#‘s 1098 through 1101 are among the many programs detailing the growth of fascism in Ukraine.
To comprehend the political maelstrom engulfing the country as 2020 and the Trump administration are drawing to a close, it is essential to understand the transnational corporate landscape—the foundation of contemporary power political dynamics.
Beginning with an outgrowth of the pivotally important cartel agreements reached by Standard Oil and I.G. Farben between the World Wars, we note the apparent “gentleman’s agreement” between U.S. and German businessmen not to bomb the Third Reich’s synthetic fuel plants during the Second World War.
Those synthetic fuel plants were a direct outgrowth of the Standard‑I.G. Agreement of 1929, highlighted in—among other programs—FTR #’s 511, and 1108.
That apparent agreement exemplifies and signifies the decisive position of transnational corporate interests in the manifestation of international power politics.
Next, we set forth the dominant position of the remarkable and deadly Bormann capital network in the global “corporocracy.”
In addition to control of the German corporate establishment and interlocked European interests, the Bormann group has been buying share in Blue Chip U.S. stocks for the better part of the last hundred years. This puts the network in a controlling position in the transnational corporate community.
With electronic, computer-controlled buying and selling of equities in the world’s capital markets, a relatively small share of capital ownership in one of the giant transnationals is disproportionally important. Ownership of 2% or more of the stock in one of the world’s giant corporations constitutes a major position, in that when that number of shares is sold at one time, such an event can kick-in an electronic sell-off.
Illustrating the position of the Bormann network in U.S. economic life, we review the fact that Bormann drew funds on three demand accounts in New York banks in August of 1967. Nothing illustrates the nature of transnational corporate power and the position of the remarkable and deadly Bormann group in the corporate pantheon.
We note, in passing, that Bormann’s security director—Gestapo chief Heinrich Muller—worked with CIA and U.S. intelligence in the postwar period.
The Bormann transactions took place in August of 1967. In April and June of the following year, Martin Luther King and Robert F. Kennedy were killed.
Bormann saw Fritz Thyssen as a pipeline to Allen Dulles.
In the concluding portion of the program, we present supplemental information from an unpublished manuscript. The author is well-known to veteran researchers, but will remain anonymous, since the work was never formally published.
In FTR #’s 1149 and 1150, we set forth portions of this manuscript. In this program, we recapitulate those portions of the document, and include discussion of the consummate influence of the I.G. Farben international espionage organization in the U.S. between the World Wars.
In addition to I.G.’s profound relationship with John Foster and Allen Dulles of Sullivan & Cromwell, I.G. has also manifested major influence in Democratic administrations: Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal and JFK’s attenuated postwar administration as well.
Beyond that, the author maintains, correctly in our opinion, that the transnational influence of the I.G. networks and the postwar political influence-buying of CIA and BND constitute a direct extension of the OSS-SS collaboration during the closing stages of World War II.
What was created in US. boardrooms and intelligence headquarters during and immediately after World War II is now morphing into a mass movement.
This is the corporate foundation of the current malaise!
Program Highlights Include: Review of the role of OSS (and later CIA) officers Allen Dulles, William Casey and Frank Wisner in paving the way for the incorporation of Nazi SS cadres into the embryonic CIA; review of the role of 1948 GOP Presidential candidate Thomas Dewey in advising the Mary Carter Paint Company (later named Resorts International) to pay Allen Dulles’s law partner David Peck to advise U.S. High Commissioner for Germany John J. McCloy on the commutation of sentences meted out to Nazi war criminals; review of the role of the Gehlen Org (as part of the then West German BND) in financing Eastern European fascist elements in the U.S.; review of the overlap between Resorts International and William Casey’s Capital Cities Incorporated; review of Casey’s role overseeing OSS activities in Germany during 1944 and 1945.
In the immediate aftermath of the 2020 election, there was much beating of the breasts and tearing of the hair by mainstream and “alternative” journalists and political forces.
Declaring the (predictable) assault by Trump and much of the GOP on the integrity and accuracy of the election results to be an “attack” that “threatened American democracy,” they might be seen as closing the barn door after the horse had gone.
In fact, “American democracy” had its brains blown all over the back of a limousine in Dallas, Texas on 11/22/1963.
This program presents aspects of the long-dead American democratic process that have escaped widespread examination.
Keying the discussion is a quote from Anne Hidalgo, the mayor of Paris. “Welcome back America!” she wrote on Twitter. . . .
In 1968, Farewell America–a book presenting an oblique, somewhat enigmatic account of the JFK assassination was published, allegedly authored by “James Hepburn.” In the years since its publication, the book has come to be understood as something of a response by French intelligence to both the JFK assassination and overlapping attempts by elements of CIA and French fascist and revanchist forces to overthrow and/or assassinate Charles De Gaulle.
An excellent account of this important, but largely unrecognized element of U.S. and world history was presented in a remarkable tome titled The Devil’s Chessboard by David Talbot. We present Talbot’s account of the attempts at overthrowing De Gaulle and that event’s intersection with the intrigue that took President Kennedy’s life.
(With holiday gift-giving season fast approaching, we emphatically recommend The Devil’s Chessboard for those who truly value democratic process and integrity.)
The World War II leader of the Free French forces and the French president for 11 years, De Gaulle had run afoul of powerful elements of the French military and intelligence forces, as well as Allen Dulles’s CIA. Outraged at his attempt to grant Algeria its independence in order to conclude a brutal guerilla war, De Gaulle was viewed as an outright traitor by the OAS (L’Organisation de L’Armee Secrete–The Secret Army Organization).
Because of De Gaulle’s insistence on pursuing conventional military and nuclear independence from both the U.S. and NATO, and the belief that he was “soft on communism,” elements of Dulles’s CIA collaborated with the OAS forces, acting in tandem with Reinhard Gehlen’s BND cadres.
The coup was led by Maurice Challe, a decorated French Air Force general, who planned to airlift elite paratrooper elements into France, where they would join with other armored and airborne forces staged outside Paris.
Alerted to the impending coup, De Gaulle rallied the French populace behind his besieged government, and the coup lost momentum. Challe surrendered after his fellow coup plotters lost enthusiasm for the operation.
Early on in the coup attempt, credible political and journalistic individuals and organizations set forth the assistance to the coup provided by elements of the CIA and Pentagon, supplemented by U.S. reactionaries.
Following the coup’s failure, OAS gunmen ambushed De Gaulle, who escaped with his life due to the skill and loyalty of his security detachment.
Interestingly–and perhaps significantly–an OAS terrorist named Jean Souetre was arrested in Dallas on 11/22/1963 and deported to Mexico. Some analysts believe that a French fascist and criminal element was involved with the operational phase of the JFK assassination in Dallas.)
In 2002, a book was published (after the death of its author) which presented De Gaulle’s pointed analysis of the killing JFK, which he felt was altogether similar to the attempts on his life.
De Gaulle’s analysis of the methodological template of both Kennedy’s murder and his own, very near brush with death is poignantly accurate and telling.
Program Highlights Include: Analysis of JFK’s 1957 speech endorsing Algerian independence; Guy Banister investigator Maurice Brooks Gatlin’s claim to have carried a large sum of money from the CIA to French conspirators plotting the overthrow of De Gaulle; Gatlin’s 1965 death in a fall from a high-rise hotel window in Panama.
This program completes the line of inquiry we undertook in FTR #‘s 1146, 1147, 1148 and 1149. Most importantly, we bring the evolution of events and institutions up to the present. Listeners who digest the programs in the future should bear in mind that these programs were recorded during, and in the immediate aftermath of, the 2020 GOP convention.
After reviewing information about Nixon confidante Bebe Rebozo and the links of his bank to the deadly Bormann network, we continue with the unpublished manuscript from which we read in our last program. The broadcast highlights interactions between the Nixon administration, Bebe Rebozo, a mysterious and allegedly organized-crime connected company called Resorts International, an even more mysterious subsidiary of Resorts International called the Paradise Island Bridge Company and the Dewey, Dulles, Nazi, William Casey milieu that is central to this discussion.
The Paradise Island Bridge Company’s directors are suggestive of a possible Bormann link: ” . . . . It did, however, name a number of German and Swiss investors, One of these, for example, was Dr. Heinz Rosterg of Lausanne, a former ‘principal stockholder’ and director of the Wintershall potash concern; Wintershall was one of the major subsidiaries of BASF, the largest single successor firm to I.G. Farben. . . . .”
The manuscript sets forth speculation about the possibility that Mary Carter Paint/Resorts International may have generated funds that greased the wheels for the release of many Nazi war criminals. ” . . . . Still unanswered is the question of whether the story of the Dewey-Allen Dulles interest in Resorts should have referred to funds, not from the CIA itself, but from its German-Swiss partners in the Paradise Island Bridge Company. Such a hypothesis might explain some of the many strange coincidences which surround the company’s controversial history. It might, for example, explain the ‘fortune in legal fees’ that Mary Carter Paint, on the advice of Thomas Dewey, paid to Allen Dulles’ longtime law partner David Peck. (48) The SS-OSS connection certainly had reason to be grateful to David Peck. It was on the basis of Peck’s recommendation, as chairman of a three-man advisory board to review all the Nuremberg sentences, that John J. McCloy commuted to time served the sentence of Skorzeny’s post-war employer, Baron Alfried Krupp, and eight of his colleagues, and also ordered Krupp’s property to be restored. (49) The release of Krupp and other industrialists fulfilled an earlier demand to McCloy from Hermann Abs, who himself narrowly escaped prosecution at Nuremberg. Abs was the first post-war chairman of BASF, the I.G. Farben successor company represented among the stockholders of the Paradise Island Bridge Company. (50) . . . .”
William Casey
The author also engages in speculation about the relationship between Resorts International and Capital Cities Broadcasting. The latter is the company that bought out ABC in the mid 1980’s and whose largest stockholder was William Casey. ” . . . . Might not the OSS-SS connection also throw light on the unexplained interlock between James Crosby’s company Resorts International, tightly controlled by the related and doubly intermarried Crosby-Murphy families, and Capital Cities Broadcasting, the major investment of the CIA’s present director William Casey. (51) Casey would be the logical person to have established the original connection between the Crosby-Murphy families and their mysterious German-Swiss partners. For it was Casey who, in 1944–45, ‘was given overall operational control of [OSS] German projects,’ and ‘co-ordinated . . . the over 150 men’ whom OSS sent into Germany. (52) With Dulles, Wisner, and Forgan, Casey was also one of the OSS veterans who lobbied successfully for a CIA which could legitimately utilize the resources of the Gehlen Org. (53) . . .”
The “unexplained interlock” between Resorts International and Capital Cities is described by the author: ” . . . . James Crosby’s cousin and brother-in-law, Thomas S. Murphy, was in 1964, the Executive Vice-President and a director of Capital Cities, as well as a director of Mary Carter Paint. Lowell Thomas, a long-time radio broadcaster with intelligence connections, was a director of both companies. At the time, William Casey was an officer, director, and major stockholder of Capital Cities. . . .”
Trump kept a copy of this by his bedside for late-night reading.
After James Crosby’s “unexpected” death in April of 1986, Donald Trump–whose operations are bankrolled by Deutsche Bank–purchased the company. Following litigation with Merv Griffin, the assets were divided with the television personality. ” . . . . Real estate developer Donald Trump, who owned two Atlantic City casinos, beat out several other bidders to purchase a controlling stake in the company from Crosby’s family for $79 million in July 1987.[26] Trump was appointed chairman of Resorts International, and said he would complete the Taj Mahal in about a year. . . . The two ultimately reached a settlement, which was executed in November 1988, with Griffin purchasing the company for $365 million, and Trump purchasing the Taj Mahal from the company for $273 million. . . .”
Program Highlights Include:
1.–Discussion of Capital Cities Broadcasting’s acquisition of ABC following the CIA’s filing of a “fairness doctrine” complaint against the company for their coverage of Bishop, Baldwin, Rewald, Dillingham and Wong. Ron Rewald alleged that he and the firm for which he worked fronted for CIA. (At the time William Casey was head of CIA and Capital Cities largest stockholder.)
2.–The fact that Thomas Dewey, two time GOP candidate for President, was one of the founders of Capital Cities. The genesis of the Nazi branch of the GOP was Dewey’s 1948 campaign.
3.–Review of William Casey’s career, including the positions he held in the Nixon administration and his involvement with the Black Eagle Trust, which evolved from the Golden Lily plunder acquired by Japan after World War II.
4.–Discussion of Attorney General William Barr’s background in the CIA, including his role in George H.W. Bush’s pardon of key players in the Iran-Contra scandal.
5.–Analysis of Barr’s father Donald Barr and his work for the OSS in World War II, which may have intersected with the machinations of Dulles, Donovan, Casey and the Nazi “Operation Sunrise” participants.
6.–Donald Barr’s hiring of college dropout Jeffrey Epstein to teach at the Dalton School.
7.–Donald Barr’s authorship of a science fiction novel–Space Relations–about a planet dominated by oligarchs and driven by sexual slavery.
8.–Review of a decisive stratagem of the Underground Reich, enunciated by Army officer Glenn Pinchback in a letter to New Orleans D.A. Jim Garrison. Pinchback wrote of a ” . . . . ‘Neo-Nazi plot to enslave America in the name of anti-Communism,’ . . .”
9.–In past programs, we have briefly noted that military and [ostensibly] civilian programs officially involved with “epidemic prevention” might conceal clandestine biological warfare applications designed to create epidemics. The official distinction between “offensive” and “defensive” biological warfare research is academic. In that context, one should note that the official title of Unit 731, the notorious Japanese biological warfare unit was “the Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the Kwantung Army.” Unit 731’s research was incorporated into the U.S. biological warfare program at the end of World War II.
10.–Noteworthy in that general context is the observation by Jonathan King (professor of molecular biology at MIT), that Pentagon research into the application of genetic engineering to biological warfare could be masked as vaccine research, which sounds “defensive.”
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